Words

noun, nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

1. above; over; up

   飛行機は山の上を飛んだ。

   The plane flew over the mountain.

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noun

1. top; summit; upper part; head (e.g. of a staircase)

   本棚の上に手が届きますか。

   Can you reach to the top of the bookshelf?

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2. surface; on (top of)

   机の上に本があります。

   There is a book on the desk.

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noun, nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

1. the above (in a piece of writing); earlier part

nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no', noun

1. superior; better; higher (position, rank, etc.); upper (class)

   彼のスキーの腕は私よりはるかに上だ。

   He is far above me in skiing.

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2. elder; older; senior

   彼は私の兄よりも年が上に見えます。

   He looks older than my brother.

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noun

1. with respect to ...; in terms of; as far as ... is concerned; when (e.g. drunk)

   as ...上で(は) or ...上の

   彼は仕事の上では私の先輩だ。

   He has more experience on the job than I.

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2. besides ...; in addition to ...; on top of ...; as well as ...

   as ...上(に)

   寒かったうえに、風も強かった。

   It was cold, and, in addition, it was windy.

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3. after ...; upon ...; on ...; with (e.g. full awareness); as a result of ...

   as ...上(で)

   彼らは合意の上で敏速な行動をとった。

   They acted immediately by agreement.

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4. since ...; now that ...; because ...

   as ...上は

suffix

1. honorable; venerable; dear

   honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language; after a person of higher status

noun

1. emperor; sovereign; shogun; daimyo

   archaic

suffix

1. from the standpoint of; from the viewpoint of; with respect to; in terms of; as a matter of; in view of; so far as ... is concerned

   彼は経済上の理由で計画を断念した。

   He gave up the plan for economic reasons.

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2. on; above; on top of; aboard (a ship or vehicle)

   地図上の青い線は川に相当する。

   The blue lines on the map correspond to rivers.

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noun, nouns which may take the genitive case particle 'no'

1. the best; top; first class; first grade

noun

1. first volume (of a two or three-volume set); first book

expressions

1. with my compliments

   written on a gift's wrapping paper

noun

1. upper reaches (of a river); upper stream
2. top; upper part; upper half (of the body)
3. long ago
4. beginning; first
5. person of high rank (e.g. the emperor)

   honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language

6. government; imperial court
7. imperial capital (i.e. Kyoto); capital region (i.e. Kansai); region (or direction of) the imperial palace
8. head (of a table)
9. wife; mistress (of a restaurant)

   honorific or respectful (sonkeigo) language

noun, prefix

1. upper; upward; outer; surface; top