Attributions

Data sources, credits, and licenses.

Dictionary and kanji data

Words and definitions: JMdict. Kanji: KANJIDIC2.

Data is obtained through jmdict-simplified by Dmitry Shpika (scriptin). We select English entries and reformat the data for search and display.

JLPT word levels

Vocabulary level estimates originate from Jonathan Waller’s JLPT Resources (Creative Commons Attribution), with JMdict entry mappings and spelling corrections by Stephen Mk (stephenmk), yomitan-jlpt-vocab. The derived dataset uses JMdict data credited above and is licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0. The license and disclaimer are preserved.

Adapted by matching entries, omitting invalid mappings, and merging duplicate levels. These are community estimates, not official JLPT lists.

Frequency data

Global and media frequency lists from Jiten, licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

Lists are mapped to dictionary entries; ambiguous matches are omitted. Original ranks are unchanged.

Example sentences

Japanese–English examples come from the Tanaka Corpus, compiled by Professor Yasuhito Tanaka and his students at Hyogo University, edited and indexed by Jim Breen and collaborators, and maintained by Tatoeba and its contributors.

Examples are distributed through JMdict and jmdict-simplified. Tatoeba sentence text uses CC BY 2.0 France; the dictionary compilation uses CC BY-SA 4.0. Each displayed example links to its Tatoeba source for contributor details.

We select and deduplicate examples, and hide matching list numbers for display.

Stroke-order diagrams

Adapted from the July 14, 2026 release: selected diagrams are recolored, animated, and shown as cumulative stroke steps. Original copyright notices are preserved; adaptations use CC BY-SA 3.0.